Neural Rhythms of Change: Long-Term Improvement after Successful Treatment in Children with Disruptive Behavior Problems

Table 1

Age, sex, medication, and demographics information broken down for IMP and NIMPs across groupings based on externalizing and internalizing symptomatology.

	Externalizers ()		Internalizers ()
	Nonimprovers ()	Improvers ()	Nonimprovers ()	Improvers ()
Age (years)	9.39 (1.04)	9.67 (1.28)	9.47 (.95)	9.59 (1.33)
Sex (% males)	83.3%	76.2%	82.4%	77.3%
Medication
Stimulant	6 (33.3%)	4 (19.0%)	6 (33.3%)	4 (18.2%)
Other	3 (16.7%)	3 (14.3%)	2 (11.8%)	3 (13.6%)
None	9 (50.0%)	14 (66.7%)	9 (52.9%)	14 (63.6%)
Ethnicity
European	13 (72.2%)	18 (85.7%)	14 (82.4%)	17 (77.3%)
African/Caribbean	1 (5.6%)	2 (9.5%)	—	3 (13.6%)
Other	4 (22.2%)	1 (4.8%)	3 (17.6%)	2 (9.1%)
Mother's education
High school or less	5 (27.8%)	8 (38.1%)	5 (29.4%)	8 (36.4%)
Community college	10 (55.6%)	7 (33.3%)	7 (41.2%)	10 (45.5%)
University or above	3 (16.7%)	5 (23.8%)	5 (29.4%)	3 (13.6%)
Other/unknown	—	1 (4.8%)	—	1 (4.5%)
Father's education
High school or less	5 (35.7%)	10 (58.8%)	7 (53.8%)	8 (44.4%)
Community college	7 (50.0%)	2 (11.8%)	3 (23.1%)	6 (33.3%)
University or above	1 (7.1%)	4 (23.5%)	2 (15.4%)	3 (16.7%)
Other/unknown	1 (7.1%)	1 (5.9%)	1 (7.7%)	1 (5.6%)
Family income ($)
0–29,999	6 (33.3%)	4 (23.5%)	5 (35.7%)	5 (23.8%)
30,000–59,999	1 (5.6%)	5 (29.4%)	2 (14.3%)	4 (19.0%)
60,000 or above	11 (61.1%)	8 (47.1%)	7 (50.0%)	12 (57.1%)