Salivary Cortisol Levels and Depressive Symptomatology in Consumers and Nonconsumers of Self-Help Books: A Pilot Study

Figure 2

(a) Diurnal salivary cortisol levels (AUCg) as a function of consumer group. (b) Cortisol awakening response as a function of group. (c) Reactive salivary cortisol levels (AUCi) in response to the Trier Social Stress Test as a function of group. (d) Depressive symptomatology as a function of group. The asterisk () means . For all figures, the error bars represent the standard error of the mean adjusted for sex and body mass index.

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