Rostral Agranular Insular Cortex Lesion with Motor Cortex Stimulation Enhances Pain Modulation Effect on Neuropathic Pain Model

Figure 5

Overall changes of latency to withdrawal in Groups A and B with or without motor cortex stimulation (MCS). The latency increased with MCS on compared to MCS off in both Groups A and B which were statistically significant. During MCS off state, Group B showed longer latencies to withdrawal compared to Group A, which was statistically significant change. Also during MCS on state, latency increased in Group B with statistical significance [two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc tests; significant interaction between MCS and RAIC lesion factors , ]. and .