Role of MicroRNA in Governing Synaptic Plasticity

Table 1

Involvement of miRNA in synaptic plasticity.

miRNA	Target	Plasticity paradigm	References
miRNA-132		Regulated by CREB in activity-induced synaptic morphology, protein synthesis, and plasticity	[24, 25]
	p-CREB	Dendritic plasticity in TLE	[26]
	MFS	Dendrites morphology of CA3 region in spontaneous recurrent seizures	[27]
		Regulated by CREB in dendritic spine density and structure adaptation required for cognition capacity	[23, 28, 29]
	GR	Modulated by BDNF in synaptic formation and postsynaptic protein	[24, 30]
		Maturation of neuron and synapse in developing hippocampus	[31]
	p250GAP	RGC axonal sprouting and growth	[34]
	p250GAP	Activity-induced hippocampal dendrite spine morphogenesis and mEPSC and GluR1 positive spines	[35, 36]
	AChE	Stressful experiences induced neurite extension in cognitive and locomotion impairments	[37]
	Rac1	Synaptic actin-remodeling and spine morphological alteration in ionizing radiation	[38]
	p250GAP	Abnormal synaptogenesis and incorrect synaptic connectivity and function in PCB95 neurotoxicity	[40]
	p250GAP	Formation of stable dendritic spines and functional synapses in hippocampus	[39]
	MeCP2	Synaptic density and maturation in novel object recognition and memory retention	[42–44]
	MeCP2	Synaptic plasticity in RTT	[46, 48]
	MeCP2	Synaptic function in acute pain transduction and chronic pain formation	[47]
		Synaptic protein synthesis and dendritic spine structure related to FMRP	[49, 51]
	AMPAR	Neocortical θ burst-induced LTP and hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity	[56]
	IL-6, TSLP	Dendritic phenotype and synaptic formation in newborn neurons activity	[57, 58]
		Ocular dominance and visual cortex plasticity	[60–62]
		Modulated by REST/NRSF in synaptic plasticity and structural remodeling	[59]
miRNA-134		Regulated by SIRT1 in hippocampal LTP and long-term memory formation required for fear conditioning	[64]
		Regulated by DHX36 in plasticity-related genes and modification of dendritic spine size	[63]
	Pumilio2	Activity-induced hippocampal dendritic growth and excitatory synapse number	[65]
	Limk1	Dendritic spine size of neuron in vitro and dendritic arborization of cortical layer V pyramidal neurons in vivo	[66, 67]
	Limk1	Pyramidal neuron spine density in TLE	[74]
	DHHC9	Neuronal membrane trafficking and synaptic LTP and structure in specific interneurons by modification of H-Ras	[72]
	CREB	Synaptic plasticity in epileptic rat	[76]
miRNA-138	APT1	Dendritic spine size and synaptic transmission	[77]
		Episodic memory performance	[79]
	APT1	Synaptic protein synthesis in short-term recognition memory	[80]
	SIRT1	Axon growth in development and regeneration	[81]
miRNA-9	REST	Dendrites growth and synaptic transmission	[82]
	FOXG1	Affected by DLX5 in axon elongation and synaptic connectivity	[83]
	CAMKK2	Synaptotoxicity and dendritic spine loss in AD	[89]
	RhoG	Dendritic tree complexity and axonal branching	[93, 94]
miRNA-124	CREB	LTF in learning-related synaptic plasticity	[92]
	IQGAP1	Hippocampal LTP, long-term memory, and cognitive performance	[96, 97]
	AMPAR	Hippocampal demyelination and memory performance	[98]
	BDNF	Cocaine-induced plasticity and addiction	[99]
miRNA-125a	PSD-95	Synaptic strength and dendritic spine stabilization	[100, 101]
	GluR	Synaptic plasticity-related protein synthesis	[101, 103]
miRNA-125b	Tau	LTD and cognitive performance in AD	[105]
	SYN-2	Synaptic vesicles trafficking in neuronal circuitry	[104]
miRNA-188	Nrp-2	Dendritic spine development, synaptic structure, and mEPSC frequency	[108]
	BACE1	Regulated by 2-AG in hippocampal LTP, synaptic transmission, and cognitive function	[109]
miRNA-8	FasIII, Nrg	Assembly of synaptic sites at early stages of synaptic formation	[110]
	Ena/VASP	Presynaptic morphological modification at late stages of synaptic development	[111]
miRNA-15a	BDNF	Regulated by MeCP2 in hippocampal dendritic branching and complexity	[112]
miRNA-19b	PTEN	Synaptic development and synaptic protein synthesis	[113]
miRNA-22	CPEB	Memory-related long-term synaptic plasticity	[114]
miRNA-26a	PTEN	Synaptic plasticity and neuronal morphogenesis	[116]
	RSK3	Long-lasting synaptic and spine plasticity	[115]
miRNA-29a/b	Arpc3	Dendritic spine actin cytoskeleton remodeling and synaptic connectivity	[117]
miRNA-34a	Stx-1A, Syt-1	Regulated by Tap73 in dendritic spine morphology and synaptic function and plasticity	[118, 119]
	Arc	LTP, LTD, and adaptive synaptic plasticity	[120]
miRNA-128	PHF6	Dendritic arborization and intrinsic excitability of upper layer cortical neurons	[121]
miRNA-137	Mib1	Dendritic patterning and spine morphogenesis	[122]
miRNA-182	Rac1, cortactin	Long-lasting functional and structural plasticity	[123]
miRNA-191	Tmod2	Actin depolymerization in long-lasting dendritic spine remodeling	[124]
miRNA-135	Complexin-1/2	AMPAR exocytosis in prolonged spine structuring	[124]

Abbreviations in the table were illustrated in the text.