Research Article
Altered Effective Connectivity of Hippocampus-Dependent Episodic Memory Network in mTBI Survivors
Table 1
Functionally connected brain areas with the left hippocampus in normal controls and mTBI survivors (voxel level:
, FDR corrected).
| | Normal controls | mTBI | mTBI versus normal controls | Talairach | | | Talairach | | | Talairach | | | | | | value | voxels | | | | value | voxels | | | | value | voxels |
| Frontal cortex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Inferior frontal gyrus BA47 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −45 | 17 | −11 | 5.00 | 37 | −42 | 14 | −11 | 5.74 | 82 | | | | | | R | | 24 | 8 | −18 | 4.48 | 84 | 33 | 29 | −12 | 8.25 | 123 | | | | | | Medial frontal gyrus BA10/11 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | 0 | 37 | −12 | 4.35 | 20 | 0 | 49 | −8 | 6.55 | 103 | | | | | | R | | 3 | 46 | −10 | 4.09 | 18 | 3 | 49 | −8 | 6.69 | 65 | | | | | | Temporal cortex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Inferior temporal gyrus BA21/20 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −50 | −50 | −10 | 6.08 | 72 | −56 | −9 | −12 | 5.97 | 135 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 36 | −2 | −35 | 5.00 | 73 | | | | | | Middle temporal gyrus BA 21/22 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −50 | 2 | −25 | 5.51 | 300 | −36 | 1 | −33 | 7.35 | 476 | | | | | | R | | 50 | 2 | −18 | 4.00 | 20 | 53 | 5 | −10 | 6.24 | 383 | | | | | | Fusiform gyrus BA20/37 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −36 | −10 | −22 | 5.56 | 167 | −36 | −13 | −22 | 8.39 | 246 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 42 | −44 | −15 | 6.48 | 182 | | | | | | Parahippocampal gyrus | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −24 | −12 | −15 | 26.91 | 518 | −21 | −12 | −15 | 23.79 | 628 | | | | | | R | | 27 | −24 | −9 | 8.75 | 193 | 24 | −1 | 10 | 11.00 | 477 | | | | | | Hippocampus | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | R | | 30 | −24 | −9 | 7.14 | 130 | 36 | −9 | −12 | 10.72 | 183 | | | | | | Superior temporal gyrus BA38 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −30 | 10 | −31 | 5.72 | 181 | −33 | −1 | −13 | 8.76 | 255 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 27 | 4 | −33 | 8.66 | 284 | | | | | | Superior temporal gyrus BA22/41 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −42 | −27 | −6 | 4.60 | 34 | −53 | −9 | −10 | 7.13 | 439 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 48 | −11 | 3 | 8.14 | 417 | 62 | −40 | 13 | 8.18 | 51 | Superior temporal gyrus BA39 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | | | | | | −45 | −52 | 16 | 5.17 | 37 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 48 | −52 | 11 | 6.62 | 39 | 48 | −52 | 11 | 6.13 | 17 | Parietal cortex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Supramarginal gyrus BA40 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | | | | | | −56 | −49 | 19 | 4.60 | 13 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Subcortical cortex | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ACC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −3 | 0 | −8 | 5.93 | 40 | −3 | 3 | −3 | 4.34 | 41 | | | | | | R | | 3 | 32 | −7 | 3.45 | 23 | 3 | 34 | −9 | 4.00 | 79 | | | | | | PCC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | L | | −18 | −40 | 10 | 5.38 | 21 | −15 | −43 | 8 | 5.12 | 48 | | | | | | R | | | | | | | 12 | −34 | 18 | 4.24 | 28 | | | | | |
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BA: Brodmann area; ACC: anterior cingulate cortex; PCC: posterior cingulate cortex.
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