Differences in Cortical Representation and Structural Connectivity of Hands and Feet between Professional Handball Players and Ballet Dancers

Table 3

Group comparisons of cortical volume (GM) in each region of interest (ROI).

ROI	Ballet		Handball		Controls		t (20)	p	d
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
	0.6140	0.0972	0.6567	0.0979	0.6412	0.1118	−1.02	0.510	−0.46
	0.5510	0.0885	0.6129	0.0834	0.6031	0.1346	−1.69	0.285	−0.76
	0.7329	0.1291	0.6862	0.0905	0.7083	0.1897	0.99	0.379	0.45
	0.6605	0.1606	0.7341	0.1809	0.6825	0.1582	−1.00	0.440	−0.45
	0.6718	0.1073	0.5282	0.0763	0.5834	0.1016	3.66	0.016	1.64
	0.6344	0.0681	0.6659	0.1410	0.6525	0.0868	−0.65	0.526	−0.29
	0.7197	0.1025	0.5864	0.0947	0.6599	0.1254	3.17	0.020	1.42
	0.7229	0.1740	0.6305	0.0847	0.6482	0.1215	1.63	0.222	0.73

Note. Differences were calculated between the two sports groups using unpaired t-tests (false discovery rate [FDR] corrected). Value within brackets represents degrees of freedom; d, effect size (Cohen’s d); L, left hemisphere; M, mean; M1, primary motor cortex; n, number of subjects; p, error probability (two-tailed); R, right hemisphere; S1, primary somatosensory cortex; SD, standard deviation; t, t-value.