Pain Induced during Both the Acquisition and Retention Phases of Locomotor Adaptation Does Not Interfere with Improvements in Motor Performance

Figure 2

Summary of the results of the acquisition of motor skill (Day 1): (a), (c), and (e) show Control group averaged ankle angle (a), TA activity (c), and SOL activity (e) signals. (b), (d), and (f) present the same signals for the Pain group. The vertical dotted lines indicate the timing of the peak force command during the adaptation period. The shaded gray areas present each group baseline data (mean ± SEM). The gray lines illustrate the first stride (dashed line) and strides 2 to 11 (early adaptation; full line) of the adaptation period while the black line presents data during late adaptation (strides 151 to 200).