Effect of Endolymphatic Hydrops on Sound Transmission in Live Guinea Pigs Measured with a Laser Doppler Vibrometer

Figure 1

(a) the measurement system included a Compact Laser Vibrometer coupled with a microscope with a micromanipulator, signal generator, and power amplifier. (b) The schematic diagram of the laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) detecting system. (c and d) The incus-stapes complex, round window membrane, and the medial side of the umbo, viewed from the opened middle ear cavity. The laser reflective tapes were placed at the location marked with an ((c) stapes head and middle of the RWM; (d) umbo).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)