Inhibition Plasticity in Older Adults: Practice and Transfer Effects Using a Multiple Task Approach

Table 3

Performance on the near-far and far-far transfer tasks.

Task	Practice group (n = 24)		Control group (n = 24)		p
	Pretest	Posttest	Pretest	Posttest
Reading with Distraction (reading speed difference score)	28.80 (20.91)	27.03 (24.51)	25.23 (19.76)	24.85 (24.39)	.69	.003
Reading with Distraction (distractor intrusions)	.21 (.09)	.22 (.13)	.21 (.12)	.26 (.15)	.47	.011
Directed Forgetting (TBR/TBF)	.89 (.17)/75 (.20)	.86 (.16)/.77 (.20)	.86 (.15)/.75 (.20)	.94 (.10)/.77 (.20)	.21	.034
Stroop	1.21 (.12)	1.15 (.09)	1.18 (.09)	1.16 (.09)	.19	.038
Corsi Block	.61 (.14)	.63 (.13)	.60 (.17)	.62 (.14)	.78	.002
Word List Recall	.40 (.35)	.47 (.37)	.45 (.31)	.44 (.31)	.38	.017
Letter Series	10.50 (4.28)	10.83 (4.68)	10.37 (4.17)	12.08 (4.06)	.10	.059
Digit Symbol	61.46 (15.37)	65.42 (15.65)	62.25 (14.79)	65.46 (17.77)	.68	.004

Note. Mean scores with standard deviations presented in parentheses. TBR = to-be-remembered; TBF = to-be-forgotten. Near-far transfer task. Far-far transfer task. Reading with Distraction was assessed by passage reading speed (difference score) in seconds, and multiple-choice question performance (proportion of distractor intrusions); Directed Forgetting was evaluated by the hit rate for TBR/TBF words; Stroop was measured by Stroop ratio interference scores; Corsi Block was indexed by accuracy (proportion correct); Word List Recall was indexed by accuracy (proportion correct); Letter Series and Digit Symbol were indexed by accuracy (number correct).
values index transfer effects, referring to the session (pretest versus posttest) × group (practice versus control) interaction of the mixed model ANOVA on each dependent variable of the transfer tasks.