Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Combined with Robotic Rehabilitation Improves Upper Limb Function after Stroke

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients at baseline.

	Real ()	Sham ()	value
Age (years)	53.71 ± 5.88	55.60 ± 7.12	1.00^a
Sex (M)	4	3	0.447^b
Months since stroke	93.71 ± 38.81	46.00 ± 21.85	0.432^a
Fugl–Meyer	22.29 ± 3.51	32.60 ± 6.43	0.268^a
NIHSS	6.14 ± 1.50	4.80 ± 0.74	0.639^a
Barthel Index	72.14 ± 9.81	81.00 ± 9.00	0.639^a
Modified Rankin	2.86 ± 0.40	2.20 ± 0.58	0.432^a
Modified Ashworth Scale cumulative score	6.86 ± 1.16	5.40 ± 1.32	0.343^a

All data are expressed as mean ± standard error. ^aMann–Whitney test; ^bchi-square test.