|
| Authors (year) | Sample size | Age at baseline | MS duration at baseline (years) | EDSS at baseline | Study design | Follow-up (months) | Functional main result(s) | Clinical correlation(s) | Structural correlation(s) |
|
| Pantano al. (2005) [46] | 18 MS
9 HS | 31.0 (8.0)
31.0 (8.0) | —
— | 1.0 [0.0–2.5]
— | Finger opposition task | 15–26 | Decreased activity in the ipsilateral SMC and contralateral cerebellum | Negative correlation with age and occurrence of new relapses | Correlation with lesion load changes at follow-up |
| Mezzapesa et al. (2008) [47] | 5 RR | 35.1 [18.0–63.0]
38.6 [21.0–54.0] | 2.5 (3.2)
— | 1.5 [1.0–4.0]
— | Four-finger flexion extension | 6 | Task execution with unimpaired hand reduced activation of the ipsilateral SMC, SMA, and contralateral SII | Reduced activation of the motor cortex only in patients with good recovery | — |
| Audoin et al. (2008) [48] | 13 CIS
19 HS | 29.5 (6.0)
25.8 (6.0) | 0.5 (0.2)
— | 1.0 [0.0–2.0]
— | PASAT | 12 | MS with decreased/unchanged PASAT: decrement of frontal activation
MS with increment in PASAT score: increment of frontal activation | Positive correlation between change in PASAT performance and change in activation of the lateral prefrontal cortex | — |
| Pantano et al. (2011) [100] | 19 RR relapse
13 RR stable | 36.8 (6.7)
37.4 (9.2) | 7.8 (6.7)
7.3 (5.6) | 1.5 [0.0–3.5]
1.5 [1.0–3.0] | 4-finger flexion extension | 1-2 | Greater deactivation in IPG activity in relapsing vs stable MS | Greater activity changes in fast vs slow recovery | — |
| Loitfelder al. (2014) [101] | 13 RR
15 HS | 31.3 (10.0)
26.3 (4.7) | 2.55 [0.3–10.1]
— | 1.5 [0.0–3.5]
— | Go/No Go task | 20 | Increased activation in L IPL | Negative correlation with SDMT and EDSS | Negative correlation with lesion load |
|
