Neurophysiologic and Cognitive Changes Arising from Cognitive Training Interventions in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review

Table 2

COT effects on neuropsychological tests.

Study	Design	Intervention conditions	Sample	Cognitive measures	Cognitive task results after training
Rosen et al. [14]	RCT double-blind	Auditory processing training; Computer-based activities	COT MCI CCI MCI	RBANS scores	NS
				RBANS immediate memory COT MCI > CCI MCI	; Cohen’s
Belleville et al. [17]	CGT single–blind	Mnemonic strategy training	COT HC COT MCI	Word list recall MCI = HC	,
				MCI < HC	,
				Word list Immediate recall MCI = HC	;
				Performance on FMRI scan MCI = HC	,
Hampstead et al. [18]	Case control	Face name Association strategy	COT MCI TS US	Post fMRI scan recognition task TS = US
				TS > US
				Reaction time TS
Hampstead et al. [20]	RCT single blind	Object location Association training Stimuli Exposition	COT HC COT MCI CCI HC CCI MCI	Object location Recognition task TS-COT group > CCI group	,
				TS-HC > MCI	,
				US-HC > MCI	,
Balardin et al. [21]	CGT single blind	Semantic encoding strategy training	COT HC CCI MCI	Word list free Recall HC > MCI
				MCI = HC
				SR > UR
				Semantic cluster HC = MCI
					Mean number of clusters MCI < HC
				Lin et al. [15]	RCT single blind	Visual speed of processing and attention training Computer-based activities	COT MCI CCI MCI	UFV-reaction time COT MCI > CCI MCI	,
Working memory COT MCI > CCI MCI	,
Cognitive control COT MCI > CCI MCI	,
Verbal fluency	NS
IADL completion time	NS
De Marco et al. [16]	RCT single blind	Cognitive training Social engagement	COT MCI CCI MCI	CCRI	NS

RCT: randomized controlled trial; CGT: controlled group trial; COT: cognitive oriented treatment; CCI: control condition intervention; MCI: mild cognitive impairment; HC: healthy controls; TS: trained stimulus; US: untrained stimulus; SR: semantic related; UR: unrelated; UVF: used field of view; IADLs: instrumental activities of daily living; CCRI: cognitive change ratio index; p: p values; η²: eta-squared; η²: partial eta-squared; NS: not significant results.