Research Article

Botulinum Neurotoxin Application to the Severed Femoral Nerve Modulates Spinal Synaptic Responses to Axotomy and Enhances Motor Recovery in Rats

Table 1

Antibodies used for immunohistochemistry.

AntigenSpecies and type, dilutionSupplier, codeStructures labeled by primary antibodiesReferences

Choline acetyltransferaseGoat polyclonal, 1 : 500Chemicon/Millipore, Schwalbach, Germany, AB144PCholinergic cells, axons and axon terminals, large perisomatic terminals on motoneuronsHellström et al. [44], Nagy et al. [45], Wilson et al. [46]
Iba1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1)Rabbit polyclonal, 1 : 1500Wako Chemicals, Neuss, Germany, 019-19741Microglial cellsImai et al. [64], Ito et al. [65]
VGAT (vesicular GABA transporter)Mouse monoclonal, 1 : 500Synaptic Systems, Gottingen, Germany, 131 011Inhibitory (GABAergic and glycinergic) axon terminalsChaudhry et al. [66], McIntire et al. [67], Wojcik et al. [68]
VGLUT1 (vesicular glutamate transporter 1)Rabbit polyclonal, 1 : 1000Synaptic Systems, 135 303Excitatory (glutamatergic) axon terminals of primary (Ia) afferentsAlvarez et al. [69], Oliveira et al. [70], Rotterman et al. [10]
VGLUT2 (vesicular glutamate transporter 2)Rabbit polyclonal, 1 : 1000Synaptic Systems, 135 403Excitatory (glutamatergic) axon terminals of spinal cord interneuronsAlvarez et al. [69], Oliveira et al. [70]
SNAP-25 BoTox-A cleavedMouse monoclonal (4F3-2C1), 1:200MyBioSource, San Diego, CA, USA, MBS350064Synaptic terminals containing SNAP-25 (synaptosomal-associated protein 25) cleaved by botulinum toxin AManufacturer’s data sheet, Rheaume et al. [32]
Goat IgGCy3-conjugated donkey polyclonal, 1 : 200Jackson ImmunoResearch Europe, Suffolk, UK, 705-165-003
Mouse IgGCy3-conjugated goat polyclonal, 1 : 200Jackson ImmunoResearch, 115-165-003
Rabbit IgGCy3-conjugated goat polyclonal, 1 : 200Jackson ImmunoResearch, 111-165-003