Ethanol Exposure Induces Microglia Activation and Neuroinflammation through TLR4 Activation and SENP6 Modulation in the Adolescent Rat Hippocampus

Figure 2

Effect of ethanol exposure on the extent of microglial activation (ED-1 staining) and colocalization of ED-1 with TLR4 (ED-1/TLR4 colabeling) in the hippocampus. Representative photomicrographs of level-matched coronal sections of CA1 (a, A–P), CA2/3 (b, A–P), and DG (c, A–P) from WT (A, E, I, M), WT+EtOH (B, F, J, N), KO (C, J, K, O), and KO+EtOH (D, H, L, P) rats. White arrows indicate ED-1⁺ (F) or ED-1⁺/TLR4⁺ (N) cells. Regions of interest (framed areas) in A–D are presented in E–H for ED-1 staining and in I–L are presented in M–P for ED-1/TLR4 colabeling. Scale bar: 100 μm in A–D, I–L); 20 μm in E–H, M–P. WT = control rats without ethanol; WT+EtOH = control rats with ethanol; KO = TLR4 knockout rats without ethanol; KO+EtOH = TLR4 knockout rats with ethanol. CA1 = field CA1 of the hippocampus; CA2/3 = field CA2-3 of the hippocampus; DG = dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.