Intramuscular Injection of Adenoassociated Virus Encoding Human Neurotrophic Factor 3 and Exercise Intervention Contribute to Reduce Spasms after Spinal Cord Injury

Figure 3

AAV-NT3 and exercise alleviate the spastic behavior in the swimming test. (a–f) The bar graph shows the average frequency of spastic behavior in swimming tests after spinal cord injury in each group, including clone and spastic phases. The first and second tests were performed at weeks 4 and 6 after spinal cord injury, respectively. (g) The bar graph shows the average frequency of total spastic behavior for each experimental group in two tests. (h) Schematic diagram of the swimming test. Data are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. Unpaired -test or one-way ANOVA was used, and each experimental group was compared with the control group. , , and . ns: nonsignificant.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)