Effects of Simultaneously Performed Dual-Task Training with Aerobic Exercise and Working Memory Training on Cognitive Functions and Neural Systems in the Elderly

Figure 5

Change in diffusion imaging measures related to SDAEWMT. Decrease in mean diffusivity (MD) in the SDAEWMT group compared with that in the WMT and AET groups. The results are shown with a threshold of , corrected for multiple comparisons at the cluster level, with an underlying voxel-level , uncorrected. Compared with the WMT and AET groups, SDAEWMT training resulted in decreased MD in areas adjacent to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), areas in the right orbitofrontal cortex, areas in the left hippocampus, midbrain areas involving the bilateral substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, periaqueductal gray and reticular formation, ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC), and parts of the left putamen and left pallidum. The color intensity represents the value. The color intensity represents the value.