The Adjustment of Anterior Forebrain Pathway (AFP) to Birdsong Is Phased during Song Learning and Maintenance

<div>Membrane voltages of neurons in DLM and LMAN. Before the song, DLM<sub>IN</sub> neurons fire at about 30 Hz (a) while DLM<sub>PN</sub> neurons (b) and LMAN neurons (c) are in the polarization state. At 1.5 s, the first HVC<sub>X</sub> neuron is stimulated with the DC of 15 mA. However, DLM<sub>PN</sub> neurons do not fire until 1.57 s. Besides, LMAN neurons process the input from DLM<sub>PN</sub> and send them to RA.</div>

Neural Plasticity

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Figure 8

Figure 8: The Adjustment of Anterior Forebrain Pathway (AFP) to Birdsong Is Phased during Song Learning and Maintenance 