Role of BDNF-mTORC1 Signaling Pathway in Female Depression

Figure 1

The regulatory effects of the estrogen-BDNF-mTORC1 signaling pathway in depression. Green arrows indicate activation; T-shaped red arrows indicate inhibition. Abbreviations: 5-HTR: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor; ACTH: corticotropin; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; Akt: serine/threonine protein kinase; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CRH: corticotropin-releasing hormone; ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GnRH: gonadotropin-releasing hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; LKB1: liver kinase B1; MEK: mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase; mER: membrane estrogen receptor; mTORC1: mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1; PI3K: PI-3 kinase; TrkB: tyrosine kinase B.