Research Article
Resting-State Network Plasticity Induced by Music Therapy after Traumatic Brain Injury
Table 1
Demographic, clinical, and musical background information (
TBI patients).
| | All | AB | BA | Difference between groups (p) |
| | Demographic information | | Age | 41.4 (13.2) | 41.1 (14.4) | 42.1 (11.6) | .860 (t) | | Gender (female/male) | 10/13 | 7/8 | 3/5 | 1.000 (F) | | Handedness (right/left/both) | 22/0/1 | 14/0/1 | 8/0/0 | 1.000 (F) | | Education in years | 14.4 (2.5) | 14.0 (2.6) | 14.9 (2.2) | .420 (t) |
| | Clinical information | | GCS | 12.9 (3.5) | 12.8 (3.6) | 13.0 (3.6) | .967 (U) | | PTA classificationa | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.7 (1.1) | 1.9 (0.9) | .740 (t) | | Cause of injury (traffic-related/fall/other) | 7/12/4 | 5/9/1 | 2/3/3 | .222 (F) | | Time since injury (months) | 7.8 (6.1) | 8.0 (6.1) | 7.4 (6.5) | .820 (t) | | Lesion lateralityb (left/right/both) | 6/1/12 | 3/1/9 | 3/0/3 | .495 (F) | | DAIc (yes/no) | 11/11 | 6/8 | 5/3 | .659 (F) | | Hemorrhages, bleeds or ischemic injuryc (yes/no) | 13/9 | 9/5 | 4/4 | .662 (F) | | GOSEc | 5.4 (1.4) | 5.2 (1.5) | 5.6 (1.2) | .521 (t) | | NOS-TBId | 2.0 (2.2) | 2.1 (2.2) | 1.9 (2.5) | .848 (t) |
| | Musical background | | Instrument playing (yes/no) | 15/8 | 10/5 | 5/3 | 1.000 (F) | | Years of playing | 4.7 (10.4) | 5.0 (11.7) | 4.0 (6.5) | .823 (U) | | Singing (yes/no) | 11/12 | 8/7 | 3/5 | .667 (F) | | Years of singing | 5.8 (11.7) | 8.2 (14.1) | 1.5 (3.1) | .330 (U) | | Dancing (yes/no) | 11/12 | 8/7 | 3/5 | .667 (F) | | Years of dancing | 5.3 (10.7) | 5.5 (11.3) | 4.9 (10.4) | .714 (U) |
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a (<24 hours); (1-7 days); (>7days); (>4 week). bBased on MRI findings. cGlasgow Outcome Scale Extended. dNeurological Outcome Scale for TBI. |
