Neural Correlates of Motor Recovery after Robot-Assisted Training in Chronic Stroke: A Multimodal Neuroimaging Study

Table 1

Demographics and clinical properties of the participants.

No.	Age range	Gender	Stroke onset (years)	Lesion side	Lesion location	Stroke type	FMA (Max score: 66)
							Pre	Post
S1	45-49	M	1	R	MFG, SFG, precentral, supramarginal, SMA	Ischemic	19	34
S2	65-69	M	8	L	Insula, putamen, IFG, temporal pole	Hemorrhage	22	27
S3	65-69	M	1	R	Insula, ITG, IOG, putamen	Hemorrhage	13	16
S4	60-64	M	3	R	Insula, putamen, IFG Rolandic operculum	Ischemic	16	14
S5	45-49	M	0.7	R	ITG, MTG, STG, MOG, angular, supramarginal	Hemorrhage	17	25
S6	60-64	M	11	L	PLIC, putamen, insula, postcentral, SFG	Ischemic	22	24
S7	55-59	M	6	R	Insula, IFG Rolandic operculum	Ischemic	13	23
S8	40-44	M	5	R	Insula, Rolandic operculum, IFG, STG, putamen, temporal pole	Hemorrhage	15	17
S9	50-54	F	3	L	Insula, Rolandic operculum, putamen	Hemorrhage	34	34
S10	40-44	M	3	R	Insula, MTG, STG, temporal pole, putamen, Rolandic operculum	Hemorrhage	17	20
S11	55-59	M	5	L	Insula, IFG, putamen	Hemorrhage	28	33
S12	50-54	M	1	L	Putamen, caudate nucleus	Ischemic	24	22
S13	55-59	M	7	R	Putamen, temporal pole, IFG, insula, Rolandic operculum	Ischemic	20	25
S14	45-49	M	1	R	Insula, putamen	Hemorrhage	34	37

F: female; FMA: Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper limb; IFG: inferior frontal gyrus; IOG: inferior occipital gyrus; ITG: inferior temporal gyrus; L: left hemisphere lesion; M: male; MFG: middle frontal gyrus; MOG: middle occipital gyrus; MTG: middle temporal gyrus; PLIC: posterior limb of the internal capsule; SFG: superior frontal gyrus; SMA: supplementary motor area; STG: superior temporal gyrus; R: right hemisphere lesion.