Review Article
The Efficacy and Predictors of Using GPi-DBS to Treat Early-Onset Dystonia: An Individual Patient Analysis
Table 2
Demographic characteristic and baseline dystonia severity in 3 y follow-up.
| | All patients () | DYT-6 () | DYT-11 () | DYT-1 () | Unknown () | DYT-6 and DYT-11 | DYT-6 and DYT-1 | DYT-11 and DYT-1 |
| | Male/female/unknown | 105/79/26 | 13/7/0 | 15/15/2 | 42/41/8 | 35/16/16 | 0.163 | 0.086 | 0.850 | | Age at symptom onset (years), mean/median (range) | 8.9/8 (0-25) | 10.1/9 (3-25) | 7.7/5.5 (0.5-25) | 9.1/8 (1-24) | 8.7/8 (0-25) | 0.187 | 0.365 | 0.259 | | Age at surgery (years), mean/median (range) | 23.8/18.8 (5.3-72) | 25.2/23 (8-48) | 29.5/27.5 (8-72) | 20.8/17 (5.3-65.5) | 24.8/18.4 (7-63) | 0.284 | 0.159 | 0.002 | | Disease duration before surgery (years), mean/median (range) | 14.9/10 (0.5-66) | 15.1/12.5 (2-39) | 21.7/18.3 (2-66) | 11.6/7 (1-56.5) | 16/9 (0.5-58) | 0.087 | 0.220 | ≤0.001 | | Intraoperative microelectrode recording used (yes/no/not reported) | 118/21/71 | 10/4/6 | 13/3/16 | 57/7/27 | 38/7/22 | 0.634 | 0.468 | 0.892 | | Baseline BFMDRS-M (/120), mean/median (range) | 49.4/48 (4-130) | 48/42.5 (16-89) | 23.9/18.75 (4-75) | 49.8/50 (16.5-107) | 59.5/58 (11-130) | ≤0.001 | 0.582 | ≤0.001 | | Postoperative BFMDRS-M (/120), mean/median (range) | 21.1/13 (0-94.5) | 22.1/16.25 (1-69.6) | 6.8/4 (0-21.5) | 16.3/10 (0-94.5) | 34.2/33.5 (0-87) | 0.002 | 0.235 | ≤0.001 | | Mean change rate (%) of BFMDRS-M (range) | 60.9 (-33.8-100) | 55.6 (19.5-97.6) | 69.8 (13.2-100) | 71.2 (4.1-100) | 44.2 (-33.8-100) | 0.032 | 0.017 | 0.790 | | Baseline BFMDRS-D (/30), mean/median (range) | 14.8/14 (3-30) | 11.4/9 (3-21) | 8.7/7.5 (5-18) | 15.7/14.5 (6-29) | 17.9/18 (7-30) | 0.507 | 0.202 | ≤0.001 | | Postoperative BFMDRS-D (/30), mean/median (range) | 7.0/4 (0-29) | 6.2/3 (1-18) | 1.8/2 (0-6) | 6.4/4.5 (0-25) | 11.5/10 (2-29) | 0.234 | 0.961 | ≤0.001 | | Mean change rate (%) of BFMDRS-D (range) | 57.1 (0-100) | 47.9 (14.3-88.9) | 78.3 (25-100) | 61.9 (0-100) | 37.9 (0-86.7) | 0.023 | 0.343 | 0.061 | | Length of follow-up (months), median (range) | 12 (1-36) | 6.5 (2-36) | 9 (1-20) | 12 (1-36) | 9 (5-36) | 0.557 | 0.363 | 0.056 |
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BFMDRS-M: Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale-movement component; BFMDRS-D: Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale-disability component.
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