Arterial Tortuosity and Its Correlation with White Matter Hyperintensities in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Table 2

Baseline characteristics of AIS patients and control subjects.

	AIS patients ()	Control subjects ()	value
Age (year),			0.447
Male, (%)	115 (69.3)	56 (67.5)	0.772
Medical history, (%)
Hypertension	103 (62.0)	36 (43.3)	0.005
Diabetes	31 (18.7)	13 (15.7)	0.557
Hyperlipidemia	12 (7.2)	10 (12.0)	0.207
Smoking	84 (50.6)	38 (45.8)	0.473
Alcohol abuse	61 (36.7)	27 (32.5)	0.512
Laboratory findings, median (IQR)
Total cholesterol	4.1 (3.5-4.7)	4.1 (3.4-4.9)	0.909
Triglycerides	1.3 (1-1.7)	1.4 (1-1.7)	0.823
LDL-C	2.6 (2-3.1)	2.4 (1.8-3.2)	0.917
HDL-C	1 (0.8-1.2)	1 (0.8-1.2)	0.43
Serum creatinine	71 (61-82.8)	68 (59-77.5)	0.164
Uric acid	314.9 (259.8-365.9)	308.6 (248.1-386.2)	0.911
C-reactive protein	2.3 (1.1-5.4)	1 (0.6-2.4)	<0.001
Homocysteine	13.9 (11.6-19.2)	11.2 (8.7-16.7)	0.002
Fibrinogen	3.3 (2.9-4)	3 (2.6-3.6)	0.016
Proteinuria, (%)	33 (19.9)	6 (7.2)	0.01
White matter hyperintensities, (%)			0.003
Fazekas 0	15 (9)	17 (20.5)
Fazekas 1	79 (47.6)	48 (57.8)
Fazekas 2	46 (27.7)	11 (13.3)
Fazekas 3	26 (15.7)	7 (8.4)

AIS: acute ischemic stroke; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.