Analysis of Muscular Electrical Activity and Blood Perfusion of Upper Extremity in Patients with Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain: A Pilot Study
Table 1
Participant’s baseline characteristics.
Healthy group ( =13)
HSP group ( =13)
HNSP group ( =14)
value
Male/female ()
10/3
12/1
14/0
0.129
Age (years)
54.0 (14.8)
61.9 (10.3)
57.4 (12.2)
0.283#
Weight (kg)
67.0 (7.4)
71.3 (13.2)
74.0 (13.5)
0.291#
Height (cm)
167.0 (5.5)
169.5 (5.7)
170.0 (5.4)
0.400#
BMI (kg/m2)
23.9 (1.8)
24.7 (3.5)
25.5 (3.3)
0.373#
Right dominant side/total subject number ()
13/13
13/13
14/14
1.000
Left/right hemiplegic side ()
N/A
6/7
6/8
0.863
Duration of hemiplegia (days)
N/A
91.8 (60.0)
77.4 (52.4)
0.514#
FMA-UE
N/A
32.5 (19.4)
38.1 (21.2)
0.486#
MMT
N/A
7.2 (3.3)
8.1 (2.2)
0.453#
MAS
N/A
0.7 (0.8)
1.1 (1.2)
0.334#
ROM for flexion (degree)
N/A
61.2 (50.9)
120.9 (59.3)
0.023#
ROM for abduction (degree)
N/A
69.1 (57.6)
120.9 (59.3)
0.030#
VAS (0-10)
N/A
4.85 (0.99)
N/A
N/A
HSP means hemiplegic patients with shoulder pain, HNSP means hemiplegic patients without shoulder pain, BMI means body mass index, FMA-UE means Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper extremity, MMT means manual muscle testing, MAS means modified Ashworth scale, ROM means range of motion, VAS means visual analogue scale. means test, # means one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). N/A means not applicable. Data except male/female () expressed as mean (standard deviation).
