Listen, Learn, Like! Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Involved in the Mere Exposure Effect in Music

Table 2

Liking- and exposure-related brain activations. Overview of activations related to liking and to previous exposure when listening to melodies. Talairach coordinates for the peak activation sites, and their 𝑍 scores, plus the amount of voxels in each cluster are shown. Random effects analysis; 𝑃<0.001, uncorrected, only cluster sizes of more than 10 voxels included. WM: white matter; *: areas of activation with an asterisk in the “No. of voxels” column were a part of the cluster reported immediately above it.

Figure		Peak Talairach coord. (xyz)	Z score	No. of voxels
	Liking-related activations:
	L anterior insula (BA 13)	−38 1 13	3.90	119
	L anterior insula (BA 13)	−40 1 17	3.80	*
Figure 4	L anterior insula (BA 13)	−40 5 15	3.60	*
	L rolandic operculum	−46 0 9	3.41	*
	L putamen	−24−3 11	3.46	48
	L caudate nucleus	−10 14 10	3.45	18
	Exposure-related activations:
	L parietal lobe (WM)	−26−45 26	4.30	184
	L supramarginal gyrus (BA 40)	−30−53 38	3.51	*
	L middle frontal gyrus (BA 9)	−48 19 38	4.24	114
	L inferior frontal gyrus (BA 46)	−36 43 0	4.10	259
	L middle frontal gyrus (BA 46)	−38 43 5	3.85	*
	L postcentral gyrus (BA 2)	−40−20 25	3.96	121
	R middle frontal gyrus (BA 9)	44 32 28	3.64	220
Figure 5	R middle frontal gyrus (BA 46)	42 30 24	3.57	*
	R inferior frontal sulcus (BA 9)	34 17 32	3.21	*
	L medial frontal gyrus (BA 9)	−10 38 31	3.63	26
	R inferior parietal lobe (BA 40)	42−50 43	3.50	108
	R inferior parietal lobe (BA 40)	38−49 37	3.29	*
	L middle frontal gyrus (BA 6)	−32 12 45	3.47	42
	L middle frontal gyrus (BA 6)	−30 14 49	3.45	*
	L frontal lobe (WM)	−32 23 23	3.46	52
	L frontal lobe (WM)	−32 26 15	3.31	*