Effect of Task Specific Exercises, Gait Training, and Visual Biofeedback on Equinovarus Gait among Individuals with Stroke: Randomized Controlled Study

Table 4

Mean scores of maximum force (N/cm²) for the study and control groups and the associated values for test of differences.

		Group 1	Group 2	Between groups		Within group effect
Foot area	Measures			effect		Group 1		Group 2
		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Hindfoot	1st			0.759	0.472	87.82	0.001^*	0.263	0.772
	2nd			30.568	0.001^*
	3rd			32.942	0.001^*
First metatarsal head	1st			0.851	0.423	64.21	0.001^*	0.532	0.599
	2nd			23.074	0.001^*
	3rd			10.370	0.001^*
Second metatarsal head	1st			1.305	0.233	18.94	0.001^*	2.180	0.438
	2nd			2.906	0.023^*
	3rd			2.864	0.024^*
Third metatarsal head	1st			2.150	0.690	26.81	0.001^*	1.337	0.294
	2nd			3.572	0.009^*
	3rd			2.404	0.047^*
Forth metatarsal head	1st			1.228	0.259	28.73	0.001^*	0.512	0.610
	2nd			4.303	0.004^*
	3rd			6.446	0.001^*
Fifth metatarsal head	1st			0.694	0.510	28.75	0.001^*	1.617	0.233
	2nd			6.469	0.001^*
	3rd			3.434	0.001^*

is significant at .