Research Article
Violence against Women: An Exploration of the Physical and Mental Health Trends among Immigrant and Refugee Women in Canada
Table 8
Experience of violence by a partner/spouse in the past 12 months, before 12 months, and in the home country or in transit.
| | Iranian group | Sri Lankan group | | Experience of violence | In Canada |
In home country or transit
(%) | In Canada |
In home country or transit
(%) | | In the past 12 months
(%) | Before 12 months
(%) | | In the past 12 months
(%) | Before 12 months
(%) | |
| | Partner insulted and made to feel badly about self | 9
(30.0) | 8
(26.7) | 11
(36.7) | 8
(26.7) | 3
(10.0) | 8
(26.7) | | Partner did things to scare and intimidate participant | 4
(13.3) | 8
(26.7) | 9
(30.0) | 9
(30.0) | 4
(13.3) | 5
(16.7) | | Partner threatened to hurt participant or someone close | 1
(3.33) | 2
(6.67) | 2
(6.67) | 1
(3.33) | 0 | 0 | | Partner slapped or threw something at participant | 2
(6.67) | 3
(10.0) | 4
(13.3) | 4
(13.3) | 3
(10.0) | 1
(3.33) | | Partner pushed or shoved participant | 2
(6.67) | 3
(10.0) | 4
(13.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Partner hit participant | 2
(6.67) | 3
(10.0) | 4
(13.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Partner kicked, dragged, or beat participant | 2
(6.67) | 3
(10.0) | 4
(13.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Partner threatened to use gun/knife/weapon | 0 | 2
(6.67) | 2
(6.67) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Partner forced participant to have sexual intercourse | 2
(6.67) | 5
(16.7) | 5
(16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Partner forced participant to do something sexually degrading | 1
(3.33) | 3
(10.0) | 4
(13.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Participant had sexual intercourse out of fear | 1
(3.33) | 3
(10.0) | 3
(10.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Participant injured badly with pain lasting > 1 day | 2
(6.67) | 4
(13.3) | 5
(16.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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