Diabetes Self-Management Education: Miles to Go

Table 3

Post-intervention A1c levels.

				Control		Intervention
Length of intervention	𝑁	No. of studies	No. of tests	A1c		A1c		Percent difference	t-value		Mean weighted d	Est. % below A1c 6.4	Control change in est. %	Intervention change in est. %
				𝑀	SD	𝑀	SD
13 weeks; or less	5,319	17	32	8.22	1.28	7.70	1.29	6.40%		2.13*	0.46	15.68%	4.49%	10.58%	6.09
14–26 weeks	2,247	17	20	8.08	1.58	7.52	1.40	6.89%		1.84*	0.49	21.19%	1.27%	10.74%	9.47
27 weeks; or more	6,241	19	22	8.20	1.52	7.56	1.37	7.79%		2.03*	0.23	19.86%	2.02%	8.84%	6.82

Note. ^∗𝑃 < 0.05. One article [16] included two intervention groups that were 12 weeks and 18 weeks and is therefore counted twice in the number of studies column. % below A1c 6.4 is an estimate of the percentage of participants in the intervention groups who achieved an A1c level below 6.4. Change in est. % is the change in estimated percentage of participants’ baseline to post-treatment. Difference in change in est. % is the difference between the control and intervention groups.