A Review of Advance Care Planning Programs in Long-Term Care Homes: Are They Dementia Friendly?

Table 1

Characteristics of the evaluated studies.

Study characteristic	Casarett et al. [33]	Chan and Pang [5]	Morrison et al. [34]
Study design	Randomized controlled trial	Quasi-experimental	Controlled: before and after study
Setting	United States	Hong Kong	United States
	Three LTCHs	Four LTCHs	One LTCH
Sample size
Program participants	(𝑛=107)	(𝑛=42)	(𝑛=43)
Control participants	(𝑛=98)	(𝑛=36)	(𝑛=96)
Cognitive impairment mentioned	Yes	Yes (resident with cognitive impairment not included)	Yes
Program description	Identify care preferences using PRIDE assessment and communicate to physician for referral to palliative/hospice care	Let Me Talk (interviews with residents exploring values and care preferences)	ACP training for two social workers using Education for Physicians on End-of-Life Care; structured discussion and documentation of ACP
Control/comparison	Did not communicate PRIDE assessment to physician	Care as usual	Care as usual from social workers; research associate talked to participants about health care preferences but did not record them in the medical record
Research staff involvement in intervention or comparison	Apparent	Apparent	Apparent

PRIDE: Promoting Residents’ Involvement in Decisions at End-of-Life; LTCH: long-term care home; LTCHs: long-term care homes; ACP: advance care planning.