Spousal Presence as a Nonpharmacological Pain Management during Childbirth: A Pilot Study

Table 4

Spearman's rho items correlations of Abuja Instrument for Midwives (AIM).

		1	2	3	4	5
(1) Relief necessary	rho	1.000
	Sig.	—
		10
(2) Assess pain	rho	1.000	1.0
	Sig.	—	—
		10	10
(3) Interventions for pain	rho	1.000	1.000	1.000
	Sig.	—	—
		9	9	9
(4) Spouse presence to pain relief	rho	−.667	−.667	−.661	1.000
	Sig.	.035	.035	.052	—
		10	10	9	10
(5) Encourage spouse presence	rho	1.000	1000	1000	.667	1.000
	Sig.	—	—	—	.035	—
		10	10	9	10	10

rho, Spearman’s rho; Sig., significant at 0.05 level and at 0.01 level.