Depression and Anxiety among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal

Table 4

Association between anxiety and depression with selected sociodemographic and behavioral pattern of patients.

Variables	Anxiety		χ2	value	Depression		χ2	n = 296
	No	Yes			No	Yes		value
Age group in year
<40	10 (58.8)	7(41.2)			12 (70.6)	5 (29.4)	6.221	0.045
40–60	72 (47.7)	79 (52.3)	1.122	0.571	59 (39.1)	92 (60.9)
≥60	67 (52.3)	61 (47.7)			54 (42.2)	74 (57.8)
Sex
Female	93 (52.8)	83 (47.2)	1.088	0.297	71 (40.3)	105 (59.7)	0.635	0.426
Male	56 (46.7)	64 (53.3)			54 (45.0)	66 (55.0)
Residence
Rural	53 (57.0)	40 (43.0)			45 (48.4)	48 (51.6)	2.107	0.147
Urban	96 (47.3)	107 (52.7)	2.400	0.121	80 (39.4)	123 (60.6)
Family type
Nuclear	58 (52.3)	53 (47.7)	0.260	0.610	48 (43.2)	63 (56.8)	0.075	0.785
Joint	91 (49.2)	94 (50.8)			77 (41.6)	108 (58.4)
Current living status
Single	28 (75.7)	9 (24.3)	10.860	0.001	24 (64.9)	13 (35.1)	8.880	0.003
With family	121 (46.7)	138 (53.3)			101 (39.0)	158 (61.0)
Educational status
Illiterate	44 (38.6)	70 (61.4)	10.224	0.001	33 (28.9)	81 (71.1)	13.408	<0.001
Literate	105 (57.7)	77 (42.3)			92 (50.5)	90 (49.5)
Occupation
Agriculture	54 (47.8)	59 (52.2)			43 (38.1)	70 (61.9)
Homemade work	43 (55.1)	35 (44.9)	1.800	0.615	34 (43.6)	44 (56.4)	1.984	0.576
Service	26 (54.2)	22 (45.8)			20 (41.7)	28 (58.3)
Business and others	26 (45.6)	31 (54.4)			28 (49.1)	29 (50.9)
Family income
Insufficient	35 (47.3)	39 (52.7)	2.006	0.367	30 (40.5)	44 (59.5)	1.499	0.473
Just sufficient	80 (54.4)	67 (45.6)			67 (45.6)	80 (54.4)
Surplus	34 (45.3)	41 (54.7)			28 (37.3)	47 (62.7)
Impact of illness on work
Yes	46 (48.9)	48 (51.1)	0.108	0.742	30 (31.9)	64 (68.1)	6.007	0.014
No	103 (51.0)	99 (49.0)			95 (47.0)	107 (53.0)
Smoking habit
Smoking	14 (58.3)	10 (41.7)	0.949	0.622	8 (33.3)	16 (66.7)	10.546	0.005
Past smoker	49 (47.6)	54 (52.4)			32 (31.1)	71 (68.9)
Never	86 (50.9)	83 (49.1)			85 (50.3)	84 (49.7)