Factors Affecting Nonadherence to WHO’s Recommended Antenatal Care Visits among Women in Pastoral Community, Northeastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Table 1
Sociodemographic characteristics of women who gave birth in the past two years in the pastoral community, Northeast Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 703).
Characteristics
Less than 4 ANC visits
At least 4 ANC visits
Total (%)
Women’s age
15–24 years
167 (41.7)
110 (36.4)
277 (39.4)
25–34 years
187 (46.6)
163 (54.0)
350 (49.8)
35–49 years
47 (11.72)
29 (9.6)
76 (10.8)
Marital relation (n = 696)
Monogamy
322 (81.5)
240 (79.7)
562 (80.8)
Polygamy
73 (18.5)
61 (20.3)
134 (19.2)
Women’s education
No formal education
365 (91.0)
248 (82.1)
613 (87.2)
Primary
28 (7.0)
43 (14.3)
71 (10.1)
Secondary and above
8 (2.0)
11 (3.6)
19 (2.7)
Husband education (n = 696)
No formal education
303 (76.7)
207 (68.8)
510 (73.3)
Primary
42 (10.6)
55 (18.3)
97 (13.9)
Secondary and above
50 (12.7)
39 (12.9)
89 (12.8)
Women’s occupation
Housewife
62 (15.5)
66 (21.9)
645 (91.8)
Working
339 (84.5)
236 (78.1)
58 (8.2)
Husband occupation (n = 696)
Unemployed
32 (8.1)
97 (32,2)
129 (18.5)
Pastoralist
229 (58.0)
102 (33.9)
331 (47.6)
Agro pastoralist
33 (8.4)
21 (7.0)
54 (7.8)
Gov’t/private employee
67 (16.9)
71 (23.6)
138 (19.8)
Others
34 (8.6)
10 (3.3)
44 (6.3)
Possession of radio/TV
Yes
62 (15.5)
66 (21.9)
128 (18.2)
No
339 (84.5)
236 (78.1)
575 (81.8)
Number of U5 children
1
113 (28.2)
91 (30.1)
204 (29.0)
2
217 (54.1)
157 (52.0)
374 (53.2)
≥3
71 (17.7)
54 (17.9)
125 (17.8)
Family size
2–4
133 (33.2)
100 (33.1)
233 (33.1)
5–7
178 (44.4)
141 (46.7)
319 (45.4)
≥8
90 (22.4)
61 (20.2)
151 (21.5)
Time taken to reach the nearest health facility
≥30 minutes
191 (47.8)
138 (45.7)
329 (46.8)
<30 minutes
210 (52.4)
164 (54.3)
374 (53.2)
Decision-makers on healthcare use
Women only
148 (36.9)
106 (35.1)
254 (36.1)
Husbands only
44 (11.0)
33 (10.9)
77 (11.0)
Joint
143 (35.7)
118 (39.1)
261 (37.1)
Other family members
66 (16.4)
45 (14.9)
111 (15.8)
Family income (birr)
<500
80 (19.9)
35 (11.6)
115 (16.4)
500–1000
110 (27.4)
104 (34.4)
214 (30.4)
1001–2000
130 (32.4)
109 (36.1)
239 (34.0)
>2000
81 (20.2)
54 (17.9)
135 (19.2)
Working = herding, gov’t employee, and merchant; others = gov’t employee, merchant, and farmer; U5 children = under-five children.
