Incidence and Associated Factors of Failed First Peripheral Intravenous Catheters among Adult Patients at Medical Surgical Wards in Public Referral  Hospitals of West Amhara, Ethiopia, 2021

Table 2

Peripheral intravenous cannula-related features to assess the incidence and associated factors of failed first intravenous catheter among adult inpatients at medical-surgical wards in Public Referral Hospitals of West Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2021 (N = 418).

Variable category		Frequency	Percentage
Presence of comorbidity	Yes	125	29.9
	No	293	70.1
Types of comorbidities	Diabetes	26	6.2
	Renal problems	19	4.5
	Liver dysfunctions	5	1.2
	Surgery	5	1.2
	Others	67	16.0
Peripheral intravenous cannula-related characteristics
Size of cannula	G16	9	2.2
	G18	218	52.2
	G20	183	43.8
	G22	8	1.9
Type of dressing	Plaster	415	99.3
	Transparent	2	0.5
	Gauze	1	0.2
Site of insertion	Upper arm	22	5.3
	Cubital fossa	31	7.4
	Forearm	166	39.7
	Wrist	107	25.6
	Hand	90	21.5
	Others	2	0.5
Duration of the peripheral cannula	<24 hours	122	29.2
	24–48 hours	102	24.4
	49–72 hours	83	19.9
	73–96 hours	61	14.6
	>96 hours	49	11.7
Nature of peripheral intravenous cannula infusate	Glucose (0.09%/0.45% NaCl, Dextro/NaCl)	183	43.3
	Antibiotics	376	90
	Glucose (D30 water)	59	14.1
	Blood products	31	7.4
	Electrolytes	32	7.7
	Others	56

: Jugular vien-1, Leg = 1. Antihypertensive, antimalaria, antipain, diuretics, atropine, PUD medications. Anemia, aspirational pneumonia, asthma, bed sore, BPH, CAP, dermatitis, disseminated TB, fracture, gastric cancer, HAP, hemorrhoid, PCP, RVI, pancytopenia, paraplegia, PTB, seizure, and leishmania.