The Relationship between Bullying and Emotional State among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Correlation Study

Table 2

Distribution of items on the bullying questionnaire (N = 286).

Items	Never		Other response		Mean score (0–4)
	n	%	n	%	M	SD
(1) Angry yelling or shouting	100	35.0	186	65.0	1.08	0.99
(2) Using offensive language or inappropriate nonverbal signs in front of others	154	53.9	132	46.1	0.67	0.84
(3) Using teasing against you	111	38.8	175	61.2	1.09	1.07
(4) Using inappropriate nonverbal signals towards you and others	165	57.7	121	42.3	0.58	0.78
(5) Using belittling or undermining behavior for your work or efforts	110	38.5	176	61.5	1.22	1.17
(6) Underestimating the value of your academic efforts or work	110	38.5	176	61.5	1.22	1.18
(7) Spreading malicious rumours or allegations against you	206	72.0	80	28.0	0.44	0.85
(8) Threatening to give you a poor rating	168	58.7	118	41.3	0.66	0.93
(9) Denial of your academic achievement	165	57.7	121	42.3	0.83	1.20
(10) Threat of disciplinary action against you	199	69.6	87	30.4	0.50	0.90
(11) Unfair evaluation of your work or effort	88	30.8	198	69.2	1.40	1.20
(12) Excessive monitoring or constant criticism of your work	136	47.5	150	52.5	0.91	1.10
(13) Ironically making inappropriate jokes against you	178	62.2	108	37.7	0.68	1.02
(14) Assigning you tasks beyond your capacity continuously	105	36.7	181	63.3	1.44	1.40
(15) Setting expectations or impossible requirements for you	141	49.3	145	50.7	0.92	1.14
(16) Feeling ignored, marginalized, or physically isolated	175	61.2	111	38.8	0.67	1.00
(17) Changing your duties or tasks without being told	191	66.8	95	33.2	0.55	0.93
(18) Removing you from responsibilities without prior notice	251	75.2	71	24.8	0.35	0.71
(19) I was physically assaulted	259	90.6	27	9.4	0.11	0.39
(20) Deliberately humiliating you in front of others	194	67.8	92	32.2	0.46	0.79
(21) Putting you under undue pressure to produce	119	41.6	167	58.4	1.21	1.31
(22) Limiting your self-expression	162	56.6	124	43.4	0.76	1.09
(23) Trying to demoralize you	125	43.7	161	56.3	1.07	1.20
(24) Repeatedly reminding you of your mistakes	143	50.0	143	50.0	0.91	1.12
(25) Constant disregard for your opinions and points of view	138	48.3	148	51.7	0.88	1.10
(26) Hostile behavior	191	66.8	95	33.2	0.47	0.80
(27) Denial of learning opportunities	193	67.5	90	32.5	0.50	0.85
(28) I was treated badly or unfairly because of my race	245	85.7	41	14.3	0.23	0.67
(29) I was treated badly or unfairly because of my gender (i.e., being male or female)	195	68.2	91	31.8	0.64	1.09
(30) I have been treated badly or unfairly because of my incapacity or weakness	221	77.3	65	22.7	0.34	0.72