Prenatal Diagnosis of Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect: Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes
Table 4
Extracardiac anomalies associated with cAVSD fetus.
Anomalies
Total %
CNS
Arnold-chiari malformations
2
(22,5%)
Holoprosencephaly
1
Mild ventriculomegaly
1
Agenesis of the corpus callosum
1
Strawberry-shaped head
1
Choroid plexus cysts
5
Dandy-walker syndrome
1
Exencephaly
1
Iniencephaly
2
Total
14
GIS
Omphalocele
5
(17,7%)
Duodenal atresia
2
Hyperechogenic bowel
4
Total
11
AE
Club foot
2
(17,7%)
Polydactyly
1
Short femur
5
Clinodactyly
1
Rocker-bottom foot
1
Short humerus
1
Total
11
FA
Cleft lip and/or cleft palate
1
(9,6%)
Microphthalmia
1
Flat facial profile
2
Small nasal bone
2
Total
6
GUS
Bilateral renal pelvic dilatation
3
(6,4%)
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
1
Total
4
Other anomalies
Nuchal fold
4
Fetal hydrops
3
Single umbilical artery
8
Ivemark syndrome
11
CNS; central nervous system, GIS; gastrointestinal system, AE; anomalies of the extremites, FA; facial anomalies, GUS; genitourinary sytem. case can have more than one anomaly and hence the number of anomalies will exceed the total number.
