Clinical Features and Correlates of Outcomes for High-Risk, Marginalized Mothers and Newborn Infants Engaged with a Specialist Perinatal and Family Drug Health Service

Table 5

Neonate characteristics at birth.

Characteristics	Result	National; data
Mean gestational age, weeks	37.6 (range 26–42)	38.8**
% preterm (<37 weeks gestation)	23.7	8.1**
Apgar score at 5 minutes	8.73 (range 3–10)	—
Average birth weight, grams	2798 (range 900–4345)	3374**
Average head circumference, cm	33 (range 24–37.5)	—
Average length, cm	46.9 (range 36–56.5)	—
Birth weight
% >2500 g	74.8	92.1**
% LBW^† (<2500 g)	20.1	6.2**
% Very LBW (<1500 g)	2.2	1.0**
% Extremely LBW (<1000 g)	2.9	0.4**
% Breast milk feeds at birth	45.3	—
% Apgar < 7 at 5 mins after birth	5.8	1.4**
% Admitted to special care nursery/NICU^††	69.1	14.5**
% NAS^†††	69.8	—
% Required NAS pharmacotherapy	48.9	—
% Respiratory distress	21.6	—
% Jaundice	20.9	—
% Sepsis	5.8	—
Mean maximum Finnegan’s NAS score	7.55 (range 0–18)	—

* 𝑝 value < 0.05; **𝑝 value < 0.001.
^†LBW: low birth weight.
^††NICU: neonatal intensive care unit.
^†††NAS: neonatal abstinence syndrome.