Research Article
Effect of Umbilical Cord Entanglement and Position on Pregnancy Outcomes
Table 2
Comparison of pregnancy outcomes between the 3 groups.
| | No nuchal cord | Nuchal neck cords | Nuchal body cords | value | | | | |
| Mode of delivery | | | | | Spontaneous vaginal delivery | 4110 (86.8%) | 1248 (86.0%) | 105 (85.4%) | | Instrumental delivery | 298 (6.3%) | 89 (6.1%) | 7 (5.7%) | 0.868 | Cesarean delivery | 325 (6.9%) | 114 (7.9%) | 11 (8.9%) | 0.605 | Excessively long umbilical cord | 54 (1.1%) | 403 (27.8%) | 25 (20.3%) | <0.01 | Umbilical cord length (cm) | 53.7 ± 8.6 | 64.1 ± 11.2 | 61.0 ± 10.8 | | Apgar score at 1 min <7 | 80 (1.7%) | 41 (2.8%) | 6 (4.9%) | 0.002 | Apgar score at 5 min <7 | 9 (0.2%) | 6 (0.4%) | 3 (2.4%) | <0.01 | UApH <7.10 | 58 (1.2%) | 24 (1.6%) | 5 (4.1%) | | | 7.30 ± 0.070 | 7.29 ± 0.071 | 7.28 ± 0.075 | 0.024 | Birth weight (g) | 3053 ± 366 | 3019 ± 369 | 3008 ± 361 | 0.004 | Birth height (cm) | 48.9 ± 1.9 | 48.8 ± 2.1 | 48.8 ± 2.0 | 0.261 |
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UApH: umbilical artery pH.
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