White Matter Damage in 4,725 Term-Born Infants Is Determined by Head Circumference at Birth: The Missing Link

Table 3

White matter damage (WMD) and obstetrical variables. Data as mean (SD) and 95% confidence intervals in morphometric index z-score bands of 4,725 term-born neonates at 37–43 weeks gestation as compared with the reference (25 to <75%).

	Morphometric index (centile)	N	Mean	SD	95% confidence interval
					Lower limit	Upper limit
White matter damage present	<10%	472	0.03	0.17	0.01	0.01	0.001
	10 to <25%	709	0.01	0.08	0.00	0.00	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.01	0.10	0.00	0.01	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.01	0.07	0.00	0.00	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	0.03	0.16	0.01	0.01	0.011
	Total	4,725	0.01	0.11	0.00	0.01
EPH gestosis	<10%	472	0.14	0.56	0.09	0.19	<0.001
	10 to <25%	709	0.07	0.25	0.05	0.09	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.05	0.22	0.04	0.06	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.06	0.23	0.04	0.07	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	0.11	0.31	0.08	0.13	0.001
	Total	4,725	0.07	0.29	0.06	0.08
Twins/multiples	<10%	472	0.15	0.35	0.11	0.18	<0.001
	10 to <25%	709	0.05	0.21	0.03	0.06	<0.001
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.01	0.10	0.01	0.01	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	0.00	0.05	0.00	0.01	n.s.
	Total	4,725	0.03	0.16	0.02	0.03
Growth retardation (IUGR)	<10%	472	0.25	0.43	0.21	0.28	<0.001
	10 to <25%	709	0.02	0.14	0.01	0.03	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.00	0.05	0.00	0.00	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.00	0.04	0.00	0.00	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	n.s.
	Total	4,725	0.03	0.17	0.02	0.03
Cardiotocography, pathologic (CTG)	<10%	472	0.23	0.42	0.19	0.26	<0.001
	10 to <25%	709	0.12	0.32	0.09	0.14	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.09	0.28	0.07	0.10	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.09	0.29	0.07	0.11	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	0.08	0.28	0.06	0.11	n.s.
	Total	4,725	0.11	0.31	0.10	0.11
Stained amniotic fluid	<10%	472	0.04	0.21	0.03	0.06	n.s.
	10 to <25%	708	0.04	0.18	0.02	0.05	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.04	0.20	0.04	0.05	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.09	0.28	0.07	0.11	<0.001
	90 to <100%	472	0.07	0.25	0.04	0.09	n.s.
	Total	4,724	0.05	0.22	0.04	0.06
Prolonged or obstructed labor	<10%	472	0.08	0.27	0.05	0.10	n.s.
	10 to <25%	709	0.09	0.28	0.07	0.11	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	0.11	0.31	0.10	0.12	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	0.17	0.38	0.15	0.20	<0.001
	90 to <100%	472	0.21	0.41	0.17	0.24	<0.001
	Total	4,725	0.12	0.33	0.11	0.13
Mode of delivery	<10%	472	1.47	0.83	1.39	1.54	0.001
	10 to <25%	709	1.38	0.86	1.31	1.44	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,362	1.30	0.72	1.27	1.33	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	1.40	0.79	1.34	1.45	0.033
	90 to <100%	472	1.42	0.74	1.36	1.49	0.013
	Total	4,725	1.35	0.77	1.33	1.38
Presentation	<10%	471	1.23	0.64	1.18	1.29	<0.001
	10 to <25%	708	1.14	0.51	1.10	1.18	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,360	1.10	0.43	1.08	1.11	Reference
	75 to <90%	710	1.07	0.38	1.05	1.10	n.s.
	90 to <100%	472	1.07	0.38	1.04	1.11	n.s.
	Total	4,721	1.11	0.46	1.10	1.12
Gender	<10%	472	1.60	0.49	1.55	1.64	0.013
	10 to <25%	708	1.57	0.50	1.53	1.61	n.s.
	25 to <75%	2,358	1.52	0.50	1.50	1.54	Reference
	75 to <90%	709	1.42	0.49	1.39	1.46	<0.001
	90 to <100%	472	1.26	0.45	1.22	1.30	<0.001
	Total	4,719	1.49	0.50	1.48	1.51