Research Article
Placenta Creta: A Spectrum of Lesions Associated with Shallow Placental Implantation
| | | Group 1: placenta creta | Group 2: no placenta creta | F or Yates chi-square | |
| | Number of cases | 169 | 1661 | | | | Gestational hypertension | 19 (11.2%) | 72 (4.3%) | 15.5 | 0.001 | | Preeclampsia | 20 (11.8%) | 43 (2.6%) | 39.4 | 0.001 | | Chronic hypertension | 5 (3.0%) | 47 (2.8%) | | | | Gestational age (weeks, average ± standard deviation) | 32.8 ± 6.6 | 32.3 ± 7.4 | | | | Maternal diabetes mellitus | 9 (5.3%) | 114 (6.9%) | | | | Oligohydramnios | 18 (10.6%) | 153 (9.2%) | | | | Polyhydramnios | 16 (9.5%) | 93 (5.6%) | | | | Antepartum hemorrhage | 30 (17.7%) | 193 (11.6%) | 5.4 | 0.020 | | Abnormal fetal heart rate tracinga | 26 (15.4%) | 331 (19.9%) | | | | Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler | 12 (7.1%) | 242 (14.6%) | | | | Induction of labor | 23 (13.6%) | 309 (18.6%) | | | | Placenta previa | 3 (1.8%) | 11 (0.7%) | | | | Cesarean section | 95 (56.2%) | 750 (45.1%) | 7.6 | 0.060 | | Postcesarean hysterectomy | 4 (1.7%) | 1 (0.7%) | | | | Multiple pregnancy | 16 (9.5%) | 127 (7.6%) | | | | Neonatal mortality | 21 (12.4%) | 212 (12.8%) | | | | Nonmacerated stillbirth | 9 (5.3%) | 79 (4.6%) | | | | Macerated stillbirth | 22 (13.0%) | 275 (16.6%) | | | | Fetal growth restrictionb | 34 (20.1%) | 301 (18.1%) | | | | Umbilical cord compromisec | 16 (9.5%) | 122 (7.3%) | | | | Congenital malformations | 39 (23.1%) | 335 (20.1%) | | | | Abnormal 3rd stage of labor (prolonged, hemorrhage) | 32 (18.9%) | 107 (6.4%) | 34.1 | 0.001′ | | Manual extraction of placenta (not during hysterectomy) | 20 (11.8%) | 19 (1.1%) | 84.0 | 0.001 |
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aAbnormal nonstress test and/or abnormal contraction stress test and/or abnormal intrapartum cardiotocography (prolonged bradycardia and/or prolonged tachycardia and or decrease of fetal heart rate variability and/or late decelerations), bbirth weight <10 centile, cvariable decelerations, encirclement, true knot, or prolaps.
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