COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Perinatal Outcomes between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Women

Table 2

Maternal characteristics, investigations, and pregnancy outcomes.

	All 209 (100%)	Asymptomatic 147 (70%)	Symptomatic 62 (30%)	value
Age	31 ± 6.1	30 ± 5.9 (19–47)	32 ± 6.4 (20–45)	0.044
Age >35	68 (33)	41 (28)	27 (44)	0.035
Age >40	20 (10)	10 (7)	10 (16)	0.043
Para 0	56 (27)	45 (31)	11 (18)	0.019
Para 1	47 (23)	31 (21)	16 (26)
Para >1	104 (50)	69 (48)	35 (56)
BMI	32.5 ± 6.57	32.44 ± 6.78	32.64 ± 6.06	0.865
Overweight	53 (33)	39 (33)	14 (33)	0.973
Obese	112 (68.3)	82 (68.3)	30 (68)	0.985
Hypertension	4 (2)	0	4 (7)	0.002
Diabetes	13 (6)	6 (4)	7 (12)	0.045
Bronchial Asthma	6 (3)	2 (1)	4 (7)	0.041
Composite medical disease	40 (19)	23 (16)	17 (28)	0.036
Trimester at diagnosis
1st	3 (1)	2 (1)	1 (2)	0.112
2nd	15 (7)	7 (5)	8 (13)
3rd	191 (91)	138 (94)	53 (86)
Gestation at diagnosis (weeks ± days)	36 ± 5	36 ± 5	34 ± 5	0.028
Duration of symptoms (days)	1 ± 3 (0–30)	—	5 ± 4.4 (0–30)	—
Labs
WBC	10 (3.1–23.3)	10 (4.6–23.3)	8.7 (3.1–16.0)	0.067
HB	11 (6.5–14.6)	10.93 (6.5–13.9)	11.1 (7.5–14.6)	0.788
PLT	268 (126–582)	267 (126–492)	268 (152–582)	0.690
AST	17 (5–151)	17 (5–151)	17 (5–66)	0.296
ALT	13 (.7–111)	18.9 (1.92–111)	6.5 (0.67–12)	0.590
Perinatal outcomes
Gestation at delivery (weeks) (min-max)	37 ± 3 (11–42)	37 ± 2 (11–42)	37 ± 3 (16-41)	0.415
Duration diagnosis-delivery (days)	12 (0–233)	7 (0–219)	22 (0–233)	0.001
Preterm birth^$	39 (19)	30 (20)	9 (15)	0.075
Vaginal delivery^$	120 (58)	88 (61)	32 (54)	0.366 0.380
CS (all)	83 (40)	56 (39)	27 (46)
Elective CS	30 (36)	20 (36)	10 (37)
Emergency CS (all)	53 (64)	36 (64)	17 (63)
NRFH	21 (40)	16 (44)	5 (29)
FTP	9 (17)	4 (11)	5 (29)
Other^^	23 (43)	16 (18)	7 (41)
Male gender	95 (47)	66 (46)	29 (49)	0.698
Birth weight (g)	2973 ± 575	2980 ± 580	2955 ± 567	0.831
APGAR at 1 min	8 (1–9)	8 (2–9)	8 (1–9)	0.114
APGAR at 5 min	9 (1–10)	9 (3–10)	9 (1–9)	0.097
Positive findings on Ob ultrasound^^^	8 (5)	4 (3)	4 (8)	0.208

Overweight defined as BMI >25, obese defined as BMI> 30, and composite medical disease defined as one or more medical diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, bronchial asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and thyroid disease. ^$Excluded deliveries <24 weeks gestation. ^{^}Other reasons for an emergency cesarean section such as abruptio placentae, preeclampsia, or labor with a malpresentation. ^{^^}Abnormal fetal growth or amniotic fluid, cervical shortening, or placental abnormalities. t-test was used for the analysis of independent variables. Chi-Square and Fisher exact test were used for categorical variables and expressed as frequencies + percentages (%). Percentages are calculated using rounded counts.