Research Article
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions about In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) among Women of Childbearing Age in Cape Coast, Ghana
Table 8
Chi-Square test for the relationship between respondents’ background characteristics by their preparedness to utilize IVF services.
| | Variable & responses | Willingness to use IVF, n = 437 | Test statistic & -value | | Yes, n (%) | No, n (%) | I do not know, n (%) |
| | Age, years | | 15–24 | 159 (60.2%) | 46 (61.3%) | 82 (83.7%) | df = 6 | | 25–34 | 57 (21.6%) | 9 (12.0%) | 11 (11.2%) | χ2 = 26.931 | | 35–44 | 29 (11.0%) | 9 (12.0%) | 3 (3.1%) | V = 0.176 | | ≥45 | 19 (7.2%) | 11 (14.7%) | 2 (2.0%) | | | Marital status | | Single | 190 (72.0%) | 51 (68.0%) | 93 (94.9%) | df = 6 | | Married | 62 (23.5%) | 17 (22.7%) | 3 (3.1%) | χ2 = 28.395 | | Divorced | 7 (2.7%) | 4 (5.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | V = 0.180 | | Widow | 5 (1.9%) | 3 (4.0%) | 2 (2.0%) | | | Religion | | Islam | 15 (5.7%) | 67 (89.3%) | 4 (4.1%) | df = 6 | | Christianity | 247 (93.6%) | 6 (8.0%) | 94 (95.9% | χ2 = 7.318 | | Traditional | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | V = 1.092 | | None | 2 (0.8%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | | | Number of living children | | 0 | 179 (67.8%) | 50 (66.7%) | 86 (87.8%) | df = 6 | | 1-2 | 41 (15.5%) | 6 (8.0%) | 5 (5.1%) | χ2 = 21 | | 3-4 | 28 (10.6%) | 12 (16.0%) | 3 (3.1%) | V = 0.157 | | ≥5 | 16 (6.1%) | 7 (9.3%) | 4 (4.1%) | | | Occupation | | Full-time housewife | 2 (0.8%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | df = 12
χ2 = 32.536
V = 0.193
| | Student | 156 (59.1%) | 43 (57.3%) | 85 (86.7%) | | Businesswoman | 65 (24.6%) | 20 (26.7%) | 7 (7.1%) | | Civil servant | 4 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | | Farming | 4 (1.5%) | 1 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | | Teaching | 10 (3.8%) | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (2.0%) | | Others | 23 (8.7%) | 8 (10.7%) | 3 (3.1%) | | Educational status | | Informal | 22 (8.3%) | 15 (20.0%) | 3 (3.1%) | df = 6 | | Primary | 39 (14.8%) | 6 (8.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | χ2 = 55.868 | | Secondary | 65 (24.6%) | 31 (41.3%) | 55 (56.1%) | V = 0.253 | | Tertiary | 138 (52.3%) | 23 (30.7%) | 39 (39.8%) | | | Ever heard of IVF | | Yes | 206 (78.0%) | 42 (56.0%) | 44 (44.9%) | df = 4
χ2 = 41.255
V = 0.217
| | No | 47 (17.8%) | 25 (33.3%) | 45 (45.9% | | Maybe | 11 (4.2%) | 8 (10.7%) | 9 (9.2) | | The overall perception of IVF | | Positive | 243 (92.0%) | 45 (60.0%) | 69 (70.4%) | df = 2
χ2 = 50.863
V = 0.341
| | Negative | 21 (8.0%) | 30 (40.0%) | 29 (29.6%) |
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df = degree of freedom, χ2 = Pearson Chi-Square, V = Cramer’s V, -value, Significance at . |
