Silica Nanoparticles Sensitize Human Multiple Myeloma Cells to Snake (Walterinnesia aegyptia) Venom-Induced Apoptosis and Growth Arrest

Table 1

Percentage of proliferating and apoptotic cells, S phase, caspases activities, and oxidative markers among treated and untreated multiple myeloma cells.

	Untreated cells	NP-treated cells	WEV-treated cells	WEV+NP-treated cells	P value
					A	B	C	D	E
Percentage of proliferating cells	87.3±4.7	86.9±4.5	44.2±3.5	22.17±2.1	0.000	0.09	0.000	0.000	0.000
Percentage of apoptotic cells	3.6±2.5	4.1±2.9	84.4±9.9	90.4±7.8	0.000	0.99	0.000	0.000	0.000
S phase	60.5±15.8	59.2±16.2	30.2±12.5	23.6±11.1	0.000	0.95	0.000	0.000	0.61
Caspase 3	0.8±0.1	0.9±0.15	1.9±0.2	2.7±0.25	0.000	0.96	0.000	0.000	0.001
Caspase 8	1.1±0.1	0.8±0.1	2.4±0.3	5.1±0.45	0.000	0.19	0.000	0.000	0.000
Caspase 9	1.4±0.4	1.3±0.3	3.1±0.35	6.7±0.65	0.000	0.27	0.000	0.000	0.000
ROS (nmol/mL)	127±13.7	121±9	198.5±18.5	349±32	0.000	0.61	0.000	0.000	0.000
Hydroperoxide (mg/100 mL)	73±7.1	75.4±8.4	134±12	227±19	0.000	0.73	0.000	0.000	0.000

MM: Multiple myeloma; NP: nanoparticles; WEV: Walterinnesia aegyptia venom; WEV+NP: Walterinnesia aegyptia venom combined with nanoparticles; ROS: reactive oxygen species.
A: P values when different groups are compared.
B: P values when untreatment cells are compared with NP-treated cells.
C: P values when untreatment cells are compared with WEV-treated cells.
D: P values when untreatment cells are compared with WEV+NP-treated cells.
E: P values when WEV-treated cells are compared with WEV+NP-treated cells.