Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgolide B on Bupivacaine-Induced Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Cells

Figure 2

GB pretreatment decreased the number of apoptotic cells induced by bupivacaine. ((a)–(e)) Cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μmol/L GB for 6 hours, respectively, prior to treatment with 1 mmol/L bupivacaine for 24 h. (f) Summarized data show apoptotic rate as detected by flow cytometry. Data represented are the mean ± SD of 6 separate experiments (^∗𝑃<0.05 versus 0 μmol/L GB).

(a) 0 μmol/L GB + 1 mmol/L bupivacaine

(b) 5 μmol/L GB + 1 mmol/L bupivacaine

(c) 10 μmol/L GB + 1 mmol/L bupivacaine

(d) 20 μmol/L GB + 1 mmol/L bupivacaine

(e) 40 μmol/L GB + 1 mmol/L bupivacaine

(f)