Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Bark Extract: Cardiovascular Activity and Myocyte Protection against Oxidative Damage

Table 2

Single dose of sweet chestnut bark extract. Activity in guinea pig heart preparations.

Compound	Tissue
	Left atrium	Right atrium	Papillary muscle
	Positive inotropic activity^a	Negative chronotropic activity^b	Positive inotropic activity^c
Extract 1 mg/mL	218 ± 17	59 ± 3.6	42 ± 2.1

^aIncrease in developed tension on isolated guinea pig left atrium, expressed as percent changes from the controls (𝑛 = 5-6). The left atria were driven at 1 Hz.
^bDecrease in atrial rate on guinea pig spontaneously beating isolated right atrium, expressed as percent changes from the control (𝑛 = 7-8). Pretreatment heart rate ranged from 165 to 190 beats/min.
^cIncrease in developed tension on isolated guinea pig left papillary muscle, expressed as percent changes from the control (𝑛 = 5-6). The left papillary muscle was driven at 1 Hz. Data represent mean ± S.E.M. All data refer to 10 minutes of incubation.