Review Article

Modulation of Antioxidant Enzymatic Activities by Certain Antiepileptic Drugs (Valproic Acid, Oxcarbazepine, and Topiramate): Evidence in Humans and Experimental Models

Table 1

Primary second- and third-generation AEDs (listed in chronological order). Modified from Shorvon (2009) and Löscher and Schmidt (2011) [10, 11].

Second generationThird generation

Chlordiazepoxide

Sulthiame

Diazepam

Carbamazepine

Valproate

Clonazepam

Clobazam
Vigabatrin
Zonisamide
Lamotrigine
Oxcarbazepine
Felbamate
Gabapentin
Topiramate
Tiagabine
Levetiracetam
Pregabalin
Rufinamide
Lacosamide
Ethyl carbazepine
Retigabine