Clinical Study
Efficacy of Fish Oil on Serum of TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Interferon Beta-1b
Table 2
Effect of fish oil and placebo on cytokines, stress oxidative markers, and clinical outcomes.
| | Baseline | value | 3 months | value | 6 months | value | 9 months | value | 12 months | value | | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD |
| TNF, pg/mL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 39.8 | 4.7 | 0.66 | 37.4 | 3.9 |
0.01 | 30.8 | 3.1 | <0.001 | 26.6 | 1.8 | <0.001 | 22.7 | 2.4 | <0.001 | Placebo | 39.4 | 5.6 | 39.5 | 2.6 | 40.2 | 1.5 | 39.9 | 1.1 | 39.1 | 3.1 | IL-1b, pg/mL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 44.6 | 4.2 | 0.46 | 40.9 | 3.8 | 0.27 | 28.8 | 1.6 | <0.001 | 25.2 | 2.4 | <0.001 | 22.2 | 1.8 | <0.001 | Placebo | 44.1 | 4.3 | 40.5 | 2.5 | 40.0 | 1.4 | 40.0 | 1.5 | 37.4 | 8.1 | IL-6, pg/mL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 689.8 | 48.9 | 0.21 | 657.6 | 50.7 | 0.1 | 558.8 | 38.0 | <0.001 | 407.6 | 48.7 | <0.001 | 356.7 | 31.7 | <0.001 | Placebo | 669.9 | 61.9 | 672.4 | 44.2 | 711.2 | 31.8 | 671.2 | 42.4 | 644.6 | 57.3 | NO, μmol/L | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 12.5 | 1.7 | 0.68 | 12.2 | 0.9 | <0.001 | 9.4 | 0.8 | <0.001 | 8.3 | 0.8 | <0.001 | 8.0 | 0.9 | <0.001 | Placebo | 12.8 | 1.5 | 13.7 | 0.7 | 14.2 | 0.7 | 13.9 | 0.7 | 13.7 | 0.8 | Lpo, μmol/L | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 2.5 | 0.98 | 0.64 | 3.1 | 0.90 | 0.96 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 0.25 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 0.25 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 0.79 | Placebo | 2.4 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 0.8 | EDSS, score | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | 2.1 | 0.98 | 0.66 | — | — | — | 2.1 | 0.9 | 0.73 | — | — | — | 2.2 | 1.0 | 0.66 | Placebo | 2.0 | 0.84 | — | — | 2.0 | 0.8 | — | — | 2.2 | 0.8 | Relapses rate, number | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fish oil | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.84 | 0.9 | 0.79 | Placebo | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 |
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Data expressed in mean and standard deviation (SD), Mann-Whitney test.
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