Dietary Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Induces Nrf2/ARE Pathway and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat via Activation of PI3K/AKT Signaling

Figure 4

LBP improves the phosphorylation levels of JNK and GSK3β via regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling. (a) 200 μM palmitate-stimulated HepG2 cells were treated with LBP for 12 hrs in dose-dependent manner. Immunoblotting analysis of LBP-mediated phosphorylation levels of IRS-1, PI3K, AKT, JNK1/2, and GSK3β. (b) Cells were treated with 10 μM LY294002 for 2 hrs and 2 μM Wortmannin for 2 hrs and then incubated for 12 hrs with 300 μg/mL LBP. Immunoblotting analyzed phosphorylation of LBP-mediated AKT, JNK, and GSK3β. Representative western blots are shown. (c) Glycogen concentrations (μg/5 × 10⁵ cells) and (d) glucose production (μmol/10⁶ cells) of LBP-treated cells in the presence of palmitate. Data was expressed as means ± SEM (𝑛=5), ^#𝑃<0.05, ^##𝑃<0.01.

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