Dietary Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Induces Nrf2/ARE Pathway and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat via Activation of PI3K/AKT Signaling

Table 1

Serum and liver characteristics.

Parameters	ND	HFD	LBPH
Serum glucose (mmol)	5.1 ± 1.3	10.2 ± 1.6	6.7 ± 0.7^a
Serum insulin (pmol/L)	50.8 ± 1.8	121.4 ± 5.2	70.3 ± 2.6^b
Serum pyruvate (ng/mL)	2.5 ± 0.5	1.1 ± 0.4	3.4 ± 0.8^a
Liver SOD (U/mg)	141 ± 19	87 ± 8	196 ± 15^b
Liver CAT (U/mg)	11.5 ± 1.1	5.8 ± 0.9	19.4 ± 1.2^b
Liver GSH (μmol/L)	495 ± 36	352 ± 27	630 ± 58^c
Liver GSSG (μmol/L)	46.2 ± 6.5	67.0 ± 8.5	43.2 ± 6.9^a

ND, normal diet group; HFD, high-fat diet group; LBPH, (100 mg/kg) LBP plus high-fat diet group. Values are performed as means ± SEM (n = 6–8 per group), ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, and ^cP < 0.001 versus HFD.