Review Article
Sleep Deprivation and Oxidative Stress in Animal Models: A Systematic Review
Table 3
Oxidative stress in brain regions during paradoxical sleep deprivation in mice.
| | Author | Sleep deprivation protocol | Method | Animal specie | Deprivation time | Brain regions with oxidative changes | GSH | GSSG | GSH/GSSG ratio | GPx | CAT | SOD | Nitrites | NO | Lipid oxidation |
| |
Lima et al. (2014) [27] |
PSD |
MSP |
Swiss albino male mice | 48 hrs | Striatum | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes — | No | Yes ↑ | | 72 hrs | Striatum | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | | 48 & 72 hrs | Hippocampus & prefrontal cortex | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Kumar and Singh (2009) [40] | PSD | GOW | Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Kumar and Garg (2009) [41] | PSD | GOW | Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| |
Singh et al. (2008) [42] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Singh and Kumar (2008) [43] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Kumar and Singh (2008) [45] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Kumar and Garg (2008) [46] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Garg and Kumar (2008) [47] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Silva et al. (2007) [49] | PSD | MSP | Swiss EPM-M1 male mice | 24 hrs | Hippocampus | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes — |
| | Kumar and Singh (2007) [50] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 72 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Kumar and Kalonia (2007) [51] | PSD | GOW | Male Laca mice | 48 hrs | Whole brain | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↑ | No | Yes ↑ |
| | Silva et al. (2004) [52] | PSD | MSP with MLP | Swiss EPM-M1 male mice | 72 hrs | Hippocampus | Yes ↓ | No | Yes ↓ | No | No | No | No | No | Yes ↑ |
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Catalase: CAT, glutathione: GSH, oxidized glutathione: GSSG, glutathione peroxidase: GPx, grid over water: GOW, hours: hrs, multiple large platforms: MLP, multiple small platforms: MSP, nitric oxide: NO, paradoxical sleep deprivation: PSD, superoxide dismutase: SOD, ↓: significantly reduced, ↑: significantly increased, and —: not significantly increased or decreased.
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