L-Lactate Protects Skin Fibroblasts against Aging-Associated Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Mitohormesis

Figure 5

Shape and integrity of mitochondrial reticulum in high-passage fibroblasts. Mitochondrial reticulum of live (a) L0, (b) LC, and (c) LI fibroblasts was stained with 10 μM tetramethylrhodamine (TMRE) and its overall shape was inspected with confocal microscopy. Mitochondrial reticulum of live (d) L0, (e) LC, and (f) LI fibroblasts was stained with 10 μM MitoTracker Orange and its overall shape was inspected with confocal microscopy. Mitochondrial cristae-shaping protein mitofilin was visualized in fixed (g) L0, (h) LC, and (i) LI fibroblasts with antibody and its overall distribution was inspected with confocal microscopy (control fibroblasts: passage 18 (L0); fibroblasts cultured in constant 5 mM L-lactate: passage 18 (LC); and fibroblasts exposed to twice a week pulses of 5 mM L-lactate: passage 18 (LI); bar = 10 μm).

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