Protocatechuic Acid Prevents oxLDL-Induced Apoptosis by Activating JNK/Nrf2 Survival Signals in Macrophages

Figure 5

Protocatechuic acid activated JNK/Nrf2 pathway in J774A.1 cells treated with oxLDL. (a) Phospho-JNK expression normalized to the nonphosphorylated form in oxLDL-treated cells or in oxLDL-treated cells incubated with PCA, with respect to controls. (b) Nrf2 content determined in nuclear extract and normalized to lamin B protein in oxLDL-treated cells incubated with PCA in the presence or absence of the JNK1/2 inhibitor with respect to oxLDL-treated cells. The inhibitor tested on control cells and oxLDL-treated cells did not show any effect (data not shown). Representative blots from at least three independent experiments are shown. Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M. versus controls.

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